diff --git a/apps/api/src/series.rs b/apps/api/src/series.rs
index 86f93e5..5a928be 100644
--- a/apps/api/src/series.rs
+++ b/apps/api/src/series.rs
@@ -1015,10 +1015,29 @@ pub async fn update_series(
         .filter(|a| !a.is_empty())
         .collect();
     let locked_fields = body.locked_fields.clone().unwrap_or(serde_json::json!({}));
+
+    // When renaming, preserve the filesystem-derived original name so the scanner
+    // can map files back to the renamed series instead of recreating the old one.
+    let is_rename = name != "unclassified" && new_name != name;
+    let original_name: Option<String> = if is_rename {
+        // Check if the old metadata already has an original_name (chained renames: A→B→C)
+        let existing_original: Option<Option<String>> = sqlx::query_scalar(
+            "SELECT original_name FROM series_metadata WHERE library_id = $1 AND name = $2"
+        )
+        .bind(library_id)
+        .bind(&name)
+        .fetch_optional(&state.pool)
+        .await?;
+        // Use existing original_name if set, otherwise use the old name itself
+        Some(existing_original.flatten().unwrap_or_else(|| name.clone()))
+    } else {
+        None
+    };
+
     sqlx::query(
         r#"
-        INSERT INTO series_metadata (library_id, name, authors, description, publishers, start_year, total_volumes, status, locked_fields, updated_at)
-        VALUES ($1, $2, $3, $4, $5, $6, $7, $8, $9, NOW())
+        INSERT INTO series_metadata (library_id, name, authors, description, publishers, start_year, total_volumes, status, locked_fields, original_name, updated_at)
+        VALUES ($1, $2, $3, $4, $5, $6, $7, $8, $9, $10, NOW())
         ON CONFLICT (library_id, name) DO UPDATE
           SET authors     = EXCLUDED.authors,
               description = EXCLUDED.description,
@@ -1027,6 +1046,7 @@ pub async fn update_series(
               total_volumes = EXCLUDED.total_volumes,
               status      = EXCLUDED.status,
               locked_fields = EXCLUDED.locked_fields,
+              original_name = COALESCE(EXCLUDED.original_name, series_metadata.original_name),
               updated_at  = NOW()
         "#
     )
@@ -1039,11 +1059,12 @@ pub async fn update_series(
     .bind(body.total_volumes)
     .bind(&body.status)
     .bind(&locked_fields)
+    .bind(&original_name)
     .execute(&state.pool)
     .await?;
 
-    // 3. If renamed, move series_metadata from old name to new name
-    if name != "unclassified" && new_name != name {
+    // 3. If renamed, delete the old series_metadata entry
+    if is_rename {
         sqlx::query(
             "DELETE FROM series_metadata WHERE library_id = $1 AND name = $2"
         )
diff --git a/apps/indexer/src/scanner.rs b/apps/indexer/src/scanner.rs
index 7a7af25..8932e80 100644
--- a/apps/indexer/src/scanner.rs
+++ b/apps/indexer/src/scanner.rs
@@ -120,6 +120,31 @@ pub async fn scan_library_discovery(
     .collect();
     let mut seen_new_series: HashSet<String> = HashSet::new();
 
+    // Load series rename mapping: original filesystem name → current DB name.
+    // This prevents the scanner from recreating old series after a user rename.
+    let rename_rows = sqlx::query(
+        "SELECT original_name, name FROM series_metadata WHERE library_id = $1 AND original_name IS NOT NULL",
+    )
+    .bind(library_id)
+    .fetch_all(&state.pool)
+    .await
+    .unwrap_or_default();
+    let series_rename_map: HashMap<String, String> = rename_rows
+        .into_iter()
+        .map(|row| {
+            let original: String = row.get("original_name");
+            let current: String = row.get("name");
+            (original, current)
+        })
+        .collect();
+    if !series_rename_map.is_empty() {
+        info!(
+            "[SCAN] Loaded {} series rename mapping(s) for library {}",
+            series_rename_map.len(),
+            library_id
+        );
+    }
+
     let mut seen: HashMap<String, bool> = HashMap::new();
     let mut library_processed_count = 0i32;
     let mut last_progress_update = std::time::Instant::now();
@@ -324,7 +349,19 @@ pub async fn scan_library_discovery(
         seen.insert(lookup_path.clone(), true);
 
         // Fast metadata extraction — no archive I/O
-        let parsed = parse_metadata_fast(&path, format, root);
+        let mut parsed = parse_metadata_fast(&path, format, root);
+
+        // Apply series rename mapping: if the filesystem-derived series name
+        // was renamed by the user, use the current DB name instead.
+        if let Some(ref fs_series) = parsed.series {
+            if let Some(renamed) = series_rename_map.get(fs_series) {
+                debug!(
+                    "[SCAN] Mapping renamed series: '{}' → '{}'",
+                    fs_series, renamed
+                );
+                parsed.series = Some(renamed.clone());
+            }
+        }
 
         if let Some((file_id, book_id, old_fingerprint)) =
             existing.get(&lookup_path).cloned()
diff --git a/infra/migrations/0062_add_series_original_name.sql b/infra/migrations/0062_add_series_original_name.sql
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e8c056c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/infra/migrations/0062_add_series_original_name.sql
@@ -0,0 +1,32 @@
+-- Track the filesystem-derived series name so the scanner can map
+-- renamed series back to their current DB name.
+-- When a user renames series "A" → "B", original_name stores "A" (the directory name).
+ALTER TABLE series_metadata ADD COLUMN original_name TEXT;
+
+-- Back-fill original_name for series that were already renamed:
+-- compare the DB series name with the actual directory name from book_files.abs_path.
+-- If they differ, the series was renamed and we record the filesystem name.
+UPDATE series_metadata sm
+SET original_name = fs.fs_series
+FROM (
+    SELECT DISTINCT ON (b.library_id, b.series)
+        b.library_id,
+        b.series,
+        -- First path component after the library root = filesystem series name
+        split_part(
+            ltrim(
+                replace(bf.abs_path, l.root_path, ''),
+                '/'
+            ),
+            '/',
+            1
+        ) AS fs_series
+    FROM books b
+    JOIN book_files bf ON bf.book_id = b.id
+    JOIN libraries l ON l.id = b.library_id
+    WHERE b.series IS NOT NULL AND b.series != ''
+) fs
+WHERE sm.library_id = fs.library_id
+  AND sm.name = fs.series
+  AND fs.fs_series != ''
+  AND fs.fs_series != fs.series;